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"Con Internet Wikileaks ha scardinato il giornalismo" - Intervista con John Pilger

LONDON - "Wikileaks is doing what journalists should do and not doing. Why is there so much envy. " John Pilger, the British 71enne dean of investigative journalism, also from Australia as Julian Assange, famous for his documentaries about the war in Vietnam and Cambodia, was yesterday in the hall of Westminster Magistrates Court together with the writer Tariq Ali, and director Ken Loach. All came to give support to the founder of Wikileaks. For Pilger, who celebrated the news of his release on bail of Assange, Wikileaks' is changing the face of investigative journalism. All journalists should show solidarity with Assange and his staff. Instead there is especially bothersome, since many institutions of journalism can be seen over by a group of guys with a website. "

With the arrest of Julian Assange is opening up again the debate on freedom of information. The United States who do not want the figure of the censors sostengono che Assange non è un giornalista. Lei come giornalista che cosa ne pensa?

Julian Assange sicuramente è un giornalista, come lui stesso mi ha detto. Del resto anche il suo titolo ufficiale è editor-in-chief, o capo redattore di Wikileaks. Poi chi è che decide chi è giornalista o no: il governo Usa? Stando a sentire i portavoce del governo statunitense né io né voi giornalisti de il manifesto verremmo considerati giornalisti, perché abbiamo una «linea politica». Come se i giornalisti mainstream o quelli di destra non avessero una linea politica.

Lei negli ultimi decenni è stato uno dei pionieri del giornalismo investigativo, prima come inviato speciale for the Daily Mirror and later for television. What is the real novelty of investigative journalism on the Internet?

First of all speed. Wikileaks is doing in a few days on how sensational revelations of U.S. diplomacy and the military in the past would have taken months if not years of work. It has introduced an interesting model in which journalists become "facilitators" for the dissemination of information revealed by whistleblowers (literally Whistlers, a figure codified in Anglo-Saxon world). People who work for the state and make the burning secrets because they think it is right that the public learns. With or without internet, there is no journalism without investigating these whistleblowers. And it is important that they too are protected.

Despite the importance of the information published by Wikileaks seems to be little solidarity from his fellow journalists.

The fact is that Wikileaks is embarrassing traditional journalists in recent years have been accustomed to the stenographers of power. It's a real shock to many journalistic institutions like the New York Times or the Washington Post, but also for many journalists of the Guardian, the illusion that their role was irreplaceable. To print this in envy and resentment Assange winds. But instead of getting angry should understand what is going to be an invitation to return to reveal what the government would hide from citizens.

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Risuona «Anarchy in the Uk»

"Anarchy in the UK" title, the free newspapers that cling to morning commuters on the London Underground. The eyes bulging at the sight of pictures of Charles and Camilla, terrified by the students that surround and affect the real-gleaming Rolls Royce's Regent Street. Someone laughs. Others shake their heads. "Fucking students!" - Cursed quietly a gentleman in his fifties, wrapped in a gray coat. The day after the scenes views of urban riots and after the vote Thursday before the House of Commons in favor of increasing tuition fees to 9,000 pounds a year, London wakes up in disbelief. With the streets littered with placards, sticks and broken glass. And with people trying to understand why so much anger in the land of phlegm and understatement.

For politicians who sit in parliament that was seen Thursday on the streets of the capital of the United Kingdom is simply "unacceptable," "bestial," "criminal." "We need to ensure that students who behave in this disgraceful way to feel the full force of the law of this country" - attacks threatening the Conservative Prime Minister David Cameron has congratulated the police for showing "restraint." As students it is just "dreamers" as stated by the Liberal Democrat leader Nick Clegg detested. And violent dreamers, too.

"There were many people who clearly wanted to commit acts of violence and destroy property" - said Cameron, who is to face a wave of social conflict that apparently neither he nor his party colleagues had put into full account . A manforte give the prime minister, opening the hunt for "vandals" who had the zeal to jeopardize the safety of the heirs to the throne is the Labour Party, that the voice of Ed Balls, Shadow Minister for Internal attacks "violent minority" who "hijacked a largely peaceful protest." "Anarchists profession and violent agitators "as defined them as the Conservative MP David Davis, who also voted against the increase in fees.

The controversy focuses on institutional security breaches of Prince Charles and Camilla Parker Bowles that he collected a hit in the ribs through the car window open by mistake ended just as the protesters threw objects. The bodyguards who were on the verge of drawing their guns against the 40 protesters who had surrounded Thursday night against the real car in the shopping streets. A finish for the umpteenth time in the eye of the storm is the head of Scotland Yard, Paul Stephenson: accused again of having underestimated the protests.

Stephenson who has promised "thorough investigation" the incident must also deal with criticism for the police violence. Forty demonstrators are due to go to hospital for treatment to injuries sustained during the protest. Among these Alfie Meadows, a twenty-year old boy who is studying philosophy at Middlesex University, underwent emergency surgery to head an intervention lasted for three hours to stop a brain hemorrhage as a result of beatings. Dozens of students have fractures and bruises after clashes with security forces who did not hesitate to resort to charges of police on horseback to dismiss the crowd so that something not seen since May 31, 1990, the day of great protest against the poll tax sought by the Iron Lady Margaret Thatcher. But to really get out

pests by these weeks of political controversy and riots are mostly the Liberal Democrats that the polls be reduced to a meager 8%. Yesterday Clegg has had to deal with a wave of resignations of local party members who have not shared the turncoats on tuition fees. And many predict that the leader libdem could lose the leadership, if young voters rejected in a May bond referendum for the transition to a more proportional electoral system built by Clegg, to make it pay to libdem traitors.

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"Ci avete rubato tutto, ieri i soldi e oggi la speranza"

"What the hell happened to the Harry Potter generation?" asks England for good surprise by the explosion of a teen angst not seen for decades. "He who sows the wind picks up storm," he says Jonas, a 17 year old boy studying in a college in Hackney in east London. "What do you expect from guys who are condemned to a life without a future?". A generation disillusioned and angry, politicized ideological but little seems to be in street violence the only way to express their dissent against the policies proposed by the tears and blood of the Tory government Libdem Cameron and Clegg.

Boys to paraphrase a famous Arab proverb is more like the days of crisis in which they grew, rather che ai propri genitori che ai loro tempi di proteste ne hanno fatte poche, per lo più pacifiche, e su problemi che non li toccavano direttamente come la fame nel terzo mondo o l’apartheid in Sudafrica. E che non si sentono rappresentati dal sindacato studentesco percepito come distante e parte del sistema, ma neppure dai gruppuscoli e partitini della sinistra antagonista che pure cercano di approfittare dell’ondata di mobilitazione per reclutare militanti.

Il vecchio motto punk «no compromise» è diventato non a caso uno degli slogan più popolari tra gli studenti che scendono in piazza con tanti cartelli ma poche bandiere. Con la testa incappucciata ed i volti coperti, ed al suono di musica drum’n’base come eravamo used to seeing in Germany, France or Italy. Certainly not in the reign of Elizabeth II. And this antagonism is reflected in the statements of the leaders of the movement at all intimidated by the attack of the press against the students that the "Sun" bubble "Yobs", as the companions of violence of Alex in "Clockwork Orange".

For Clare Solomon, president of the union of university students in London, "who speaks of violence is a hypocrite. They are the ones who support the war in Afghanistan. The violent are those who use guns. Not who breaks a shop window. " Along the same lines Mark Bergfeld, charismatic leader of the coalition Education Activist Network, which claims that the violence was «il risultato delle condizioni orribili in cui sono stati tenuti gli studenti», finiti cordonati per ore dagli agenti nella zona del Parlamento.

Aaron Porter, presidente del sindacato degli studenti universitari (Nus) che sin dall’occupazione di Millbank dello scorso novembre aveva criticato la «minoranza violenta», si ritrova un pastore senza gregge. La vigilia pacifica di protesta, con tanto di candele organizzata a Embankment sulle sponde del Tamigi, è stata un flop. Solo 7.000 persone contro le oltre 30.000 che hanno partecipato alla manifestazione di fronte al Parlamento in cui si sono visti scontri di massa tra studenti e polizia. Ed ora il fronte radicale degli studenti si sta organizzando per creare un nuovo sindacato students to oppose the union accused of moderation and only Nus indecision.

radicalism that is causing a split between moderates and antagonists in the UK student movement is indicative of a widespread resentment not only among students but also among high school teenagers who gave manforte protests. At the base is the perception of a future that is likely to be without work as that of 17% of British youth, as to grow in the coming months due to the hiring freeze in much of the civil service and because of the close on 'economy created by the cuts. It is even worse for graduates: 25% are unemployed in a country where up to three years ago, companies were buying up newly graduated students.

If at the time of the crisis continue to study does not seem to increase the chances of finding a job, students, the university continues to be a port where you can try to fulfill their dreams even if it will result in a job. "Why should I do to force engineering or physics, as the government wants?" Camilla asked a student of 16 who wants to study anthropology at university. These aspirations are frustrated that feed the insults against the "Tory scum", and what you can only call a class hatred against the bankers as a complaint that Thomas, a student di sociologia, «prima ci hanno rubato i soldi ed adesso ci vogliono rubare anche la speranza».

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Assalto al Tesoro

«Vergogna». Un boato di rabbia esplode tra le migliaia di manifestanti assiepati di fronte al Big Ben, quando alle 5 e 42 arriva la notizia che nessuno voleva sentire. L’aumento delle rette universitarie fino a 9.000 sterline è passato con 323 «ayes» and 302 «noes». La ribellione dentro i liberaldemocratici c’è stata. In 21 hanno mantenuto la promessa elettorale di votare contro, tra cui due sottosegretari che si dimessi dagli incarichi di governo. E ad essi si sono uniti 8 deputati conservatori. Ma non è bastato a fermare un provvedimento che come sostiene il presidente the union of university studeti Aaron Porter is "unjust, wrong and unnecessary."
"A difficult day" - Vince Cable has accepted the vice-minister of liberal economics, that the increase in fees will allow not only to "maintain the high quality of our universities," but also "to help students with low income. " Entirely different view of the tens of thousands of students throughout the day clashed with police and demonstrators in front of parliament turned into a bunker as happened last week in Rome for the vote on the reform Gelmini . Clashes that continued until late evening with dozens of students were arrested and at least 100 wounded.
"Tory scum, we are coming" - shouted in unison, the procession of 20,000 people left at noon from home University of London. Above the heads camped thousands of posters with all kinds of insults directed against the traitor Nick Clegg, the Liberal deputy prime minister before the election that he had vowed to oppose the increase in fees. "Give us Clegg," - shouted at the police asseragliati behind the barricades, the students arrived at about one and a half in Parliament Square. The clashes
explode around two hundred students when they begin to push against the thousands of agents schierati di fronte al parlamento, usando come arieti, pezzi del recinto messi a protezione del prato di Parliament Square, in vista del matrimonio reale tra il principe William e Kate Middleton. «Uno, due, tre, via!» – urlano i manifestanti, e partono a ripetizione gli spintoni contro le linee della polizia che si difende dietro una transenna attraverso cui gli studenti cercano inutilmente di aprirsi un varco.
Da dietro arrivano rinforzi, spinte ed urla di incoraggiamento. Ma anche caschi verdi, bastoni, scudi di cartone a forma di libro (come quelli usati in Italia), che vengono passati da mano a mano mentre gli studenti si alternano negli scontri. Dalle prime linee vengono portati indietroi feriti, trascinati a arms by his friends, with the blood that drips from the nose, cheeks and head. "Next to be affected will be you" - exasperated shouting students against the police, in the coming years will be literally decimated by heavy budget cuts to safety.
"This way you do not pass." Then suddenly at about three in the crowd suddenly change strategy and moves towards Victoria station to "go for a visit to the headquarters of the Liberal," Lucas explains how a boy of eighteen with the cap on the gray head, and a black scarf to hide his face. The police charging the crowd responds with a squad of 20 agents in horse, which stands on end afraid on the hooves to the bursting of firecrackers, flares and smoke bombs. And about five manages to bring the situation under control, surrounding students with cordons of officers deployed in mass on the four sides of the square.
Pending the outcome of the verdict of the House of Commons dominated by pessimism among students. "Clegg tried to pass himself off as a student, and many - including myself - believed him" - a student confesses disconsolate Laura Lambeth in south London, while awaiting the results of the vote. "They're traitors pigs" - adds bluntly Elliot a high school student in Richmond. "To blame of these people, now in serious danger of not being able to do the university. "
When finally comes the bad news the stones start flying from all sides. The agents are retreating under the pressure of angry students, and soon are forced to resort to containment cages to prevent the protesters make my way to the parliament. But they fail to ensure that a hundred people to storm the palace of the Secretary of the Treasury. Go down the windows, and a dozen able to break into the building after having broken through a doorway, and graffiti on the wall appear to glorify the revolution and the Liberal Democrats warned: "I will do it pay." Around eight the polizia è costretta a lasciare che la maggioranza delle persone defluisca dalla piazza.
Nella notte continuano gli scontri con gli studenti che prendono d’assalto le strade dello shopping. Preso di mira un negozio della catena Topshop. E nel traffico vengono sorpresi pure Carlo d’Inghilterra, la cui auto viene presa a mattonate da 50 manifestanti. Decine di falò cominciano ad illuminare la notte nel centro di Londra e anche il grande albero di natale in Trafalgar Square va a fuoco, con i pompieri che subito si adoperano per fermare le fiamme. Ma spegnere la rabbia di questa generazione tradita sarà molto più difficile.

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"Questa generazione chiede un'altra politica" - Intervista con John McDonnell (sinistra Labour)

«Il vento è cambiato e pure il nuovo leader del Labour Ed Miliband sarà costretto a fare i conti con il forte sentimento di opposizione ai tagli». Ad esserne convinto è John McDonnell, leader della corrente di sinistra all'interno del Labour Socialist Campaign Group e candidato sconfitto nella corsa alla guida del partito nel 2007 e nel 2010.

Per McDonnell portavoce in parlamento di un coordinamento di otto sindacati tra cui quello dei pompieri, dei giornalisti, degli impiegati della pubblica amministrazione e dei lavoratori della metropolitana londinese, «ora c'è soprattutto bisogno di unità tra le diverse lotte per evitare che Cameron ci colpisca e ci sconfigga uno ad uno». In questo contesto, «le proteste studentesche possono diventare la scintilla per la creazione di una coalizione resistance against the policy of cuts in the governing coalition of Tory and Libdem.

So many students involved in protests so radical it was something not seen in many years. What is happening to young people in Britain?

We were told that this was a non-ideological generation, which was not interested in politics. Instead it is a generation that woke up and she is teaching to my generation that it's time to get back on their feet and start fighting. We must be careful not to overstate what is happening in recent weeks. But certainly it is a palpable change: a change that gives hope. While

students protesting metro workers have gone on strike. Before them, the firemen, and the next could be the Royal Mail's postmen are threatened by privatization. At the moment fights seem disconnected ..

The beginning of the new year will bring a new wave of strikes, and this week the unions met to discuss how to coordinate these struggles. It is important to build links between workers and students, for their part that we are already trying, as they did Monday go to support the pickets of workers underground.

Ed Miliband said he was tempted to sympathize with the students during the protests in a week ago, but unfortunately at that time was busy with other things .. It is also a signal that Labour is waking up?

The Labour Party has a problem faced with this situation, because it was the Labour Party itself primarily to the introduction of tuition fees (which did not exist until 1999 ed.) The party was heavily involved in the neo-liberal policies. But at the same time gaps are opening up within the party, and is developing a general awareness of past mistakes during the New Labour.

We will see Labour get back on the streets, as it does not happen for decades?

definitely need to go back to the streets and back to support the pickets. Honestly I do not expect that Ed Miliband will turn into a militant overnight. More realistically I would expect that a growing number of Labour members will participate in these campaigns and leadership will be forced to respond, not to be left behind. If you want to return to the government, we need to reconnect with what's happening in the community.

If there is a positive thing for Labour in all this history, the collapse of Libdem, which took away the party many votes in recent elections, especially among the young. .

Libdem I have long tried to get to the left of the Labour Party during the years Government had slipped to the right. But as demonstrated by this story of their being "left" was pure electoral opportunism. With respect to the U-turn campaign promises to oppose the increase in tuition fees have lost all credibility and seriously threaten to implode. I think that half will feed into Tory, while the other half will go to Labour.

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«Don't be kettled»

snowflakes fall on the shopping streets of central London from Oxford Street to Bond Street, whitening the Christmas lights with images of Disney movies, and slows down jackets and ladies Pellicciotti Chelsea intent on making gifts. A scene from the romance of consumerism that is broken by invading groups of students, shouting loudly "no cuts to the university, no ifs and buts", which were disrupted traffic Jaguar and Mercedes taxi blacks and red double-decker bus.

"Move, do not get kettled" (come on, do not get caught), was the slogan that ran on the websites of the student movement on the eve of the third day of protest against plans to reform the Cameron government, supported by Conservatives and Liberal Democrats that wants to triple the maximum limit for tuition fees, bringing to 9,000 pounds. To avoid being creased by "bobbies", and be forced for hours in the cold as happened last Wednesday, yesterday, British students have created a «blocchi metropolitani», con proteste a macchia di leopardo nel centro della capitale, cogliendo di sorpresa la polizia.

Il tempo gelido e una bufera di neve che, a partire dalla mattinata, ha creato nuovamente disguidi ai trasporti cittadini, reduci da un grande sciopero lunedì scorso, ha limitato il numero di partecipanti a poche migliaia. Ma questo non è bastato a raffreddare l'entusiasmo degli studenti che tra le grida «Tory feccia» e «Libdem traditori», festeggiavano i segni di cedimento all'interno del governo, con i liberaldemocratici intenzionati ad astenersi nella votazione in parlamento. Piccoli scontri con la polizia si sono verificati verso le tre di pomeriggio, quando i diversi «serpentoni» that had paralyzed the traffic gathered in Trafalgar Square. A dozen arrests.

If there were so many students among the demonstrators of twenty universities in the capital, as happened last week, the majority was composed of high school students: boys aged 14 to 17 years who fear they can not afford university if the fees were raised. "I want to study psychology" - Alexandra says a fourteen year old student, wrapped a wool scarf against the wind chill. "But after that my parents have already paid for the studies of my two older brothers, I do not know if they can pay my tuition fees. It is an injustice to the younger. "

A lot of worry is the proposed elimination Ema (Education Maintenance Allowance), a check for high school students. "When they give me £ 30 a week" - said Robin a boy 16 years of Southend. "With what I pay for my bus to school and little else. In the evening I have to work as a waiter. If I could take that money also would mean that I should work in the afternoon. Study really hard for me to become. " In addition to protests in the capital, the day was marked by processions and sit-in dozens of campuses in the United Kingdom. At Cambridge, Edindurgo, Nottingham and Newcastle students have occupied classrooms and academies, mentre a Oxford in centinaia hanno invaso la sede dell'assemblea provinciale. Scontri con la polizia si sono registrati a Brighton, Bristol e Leeds.

Le proteste studentesche si intensificheranno nelle prossime settimane, quando il piano di riforma arriverà in parlamento, con i Liberal-democratici in grave imbarazzo, dopo aver rinnegato la promessa elettorale di opporsi all'aumento delle rette e di fronte a sondaggi che li danno in crollo al 9%. Ieri, parlando alle telecamere della Bbc, Vince Cable, vice-ministro LibDem all'economia, con delega all'università, ha dichiarato che potrebbe astenersi assieme ai colleghi di partito quando il provvedimento verrà votato in parlamento. L'astensione dei LibDem permetterebbe comunque l'approvazione the reform of the university. And certainly not enough to save face for a party that university students, who had voted overwhelmingly in May, accused of treason colored blue conservative.

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Irlanda: 100.000 in marcia contro il salvataggio lacrime e sangue

Everyone was wondering why the Irish do not rebel against the attempt to pay workers the follies of the banking system. Emerald island yesterday came the first sign of awakening, when more than 100,000 (in a country of 4 million and a half people) marched through the streets of Dublin to protest against the "Plan Hardship developed by the government of Brian Cowen as a counterpart to the promised 85 billion loan from IMF (IMF) and the European Central Bank (ECB).
The event, organized by the confederation of Irish trade unions (ICTU), has lined the river Liffey which runs through the capital, to get in front of central post office in O 'Connell Street, where in 1916 he was declared the independence of Ireland . In march, workers, students, retirees, united against the austerity plan of 15 billion the government provides for the elimination of 25,000 jobs in the public sector, cuts in unemployment benefits and family allowances, with the risk of reducing the Gross domestic product by 4%. All this to appease the IMF and ECB are ready to provide 50 billion dollars to consolidate debt public and 35 billion to stabilize the balance sheets of big banks on the island, on the verge of bankruptcy because of the junk mortgages.

"There is a better and fairer" than that proposed by the government, claiming centinaiai yellow signs of agitation between the echo of bagpipes by a mob from which they rained insults against the unpopular Prime Minister and Finance Minister Cowen Lenihan. Despite the bitter cold, the event has exceeded expectations on the eve of a country not accustomed to the policy of the square. A sample of about 500 people reached the Dail, the lower house of parliament, where there have been some skirmishes and an image of the police Cowen has been given to fiamme.
«Diverse generazioni di irlandesi pagheranno le conseguenze del debito» contratto dal governo, ha dichiarato il presidente della Ictu Jack O' Connor, nel comizio finale in cui diversi rappresentanti dei sindacati sono stati fischiati dalla folla, per non aver fatto abbastanza contro la politica del governo. Il segretario David Begg ha paragonato il governo a Dick Turpin, il celebre bandito inglese del '700. «Almeno Turpin quando rubava si copriva il volto», ha ironizzato Begg.

Mentre i manifestanti inondavano le strade della capitale, Cowen era in trattative con una delegazione del Fmi e della Bce per ultimare i dettagli del piano di salvataggio. Stando a indiscrezioni, al megaprestito, che will be presented next week, would apply an interest rate of over 6%, well above the 5.5% expected at the start. If so it would be yet another humiliation for Cowen, whose majority in the Dail has been reduced to two MPs, after Friday, Sinn Fein won by-elections in West Donegal.

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Il salvataggio da 90 miliardi abbatte il governo Cowen

DUBLIN. Twenty-four hours. So much has passed between the request for a megaprestito made by Irish Prime Minister Brian Cowen of the Fianna Fail and the implosion of his unpopular government. After the announcement, made on Sunday night, launching a rescue plan by 90 billion euro, sponsored by the International Monetary Fund and the European Central Bank, last night the prime minister, under pressure from allies the Greens, was forced to promise the dissolution of parliament after the discussion of the budget in parliament on 7 December.

"In the interest of the voters can not afford delays or doubts on the necessary steps be taken to ensure our economic and financial future," said Cowen in the evening yesterday. Then the prime minister has appealed to all political forces in seeking the approval of the budget, 'not to cause further damage to the country. " But now the financial cuts of 4 billion, and the attached plan of adjustment from 15 billion, which will be discussed on December 7 are likely to jump, announced yesterday after some defections by some members argued that a majority already very narrow, while the speculators are back to attack the Irish government bonds.

Cowen's announcement came after the early morning hours of the Greens, who for four years in government with Fianna Fail, had demanded early elections while promising the approval of the financial 'sense of responsibility to the citizens Irish. " "People feel cheated and betrayed," he had said John Gormley, party leader and Environment Minister, the decisive majority of the executive in parliament say they have been kept in the dark of the rescue plan. The government crisis has broken out Sunday night after Prime Minister Brian Cowen and Finance Minister Lenihan officially had finally admitted what everyone already knew. The financial rescue plan will: to "provide liquidity to the banking system" and "stabilize the economy." As for the figure the two have only hinted that it will be just under 100 billion pounds, much more of the 60 or 80 billion of which we spoke only last week. Flooded with questions from journalists Cowen and Lenihan are not given any excuse. "I'm sorry that people think that I cheated - it merely stated Lenihan -. Certainly I have not deceived, and even the government ha fatto». Sulla stessa linea il primo ministro Cowen che ha risposto: «Non sono l'uomo nero che state cercando» a Vincent Browne dell'Irish Times che gli aveva chiesto se non si sentiva responsabile per aver «fottuto» il paese.
Ora tutta l'attenzione è focalizzata sul 7 dicembre, quando il governo presenterà in parlamento la finanziaria e l'annesso piano di aggiustamento quadriennale che il governo considera vitale per ristabilire la fiducia nei mercati finanziari. Ma al governo di Cowen che controllava solo 82 deputati contro i 79 dell'opposizione, potrebbero mancare i numeri dopo che ieri i deputati indipendenti Lowry e Healy-Rae, che sostenevano il governo hanno lasciato intendere che voteranno contro, e se - come tutti prevedono - The Fianna Fail loses another deputy to by-elections next Thursday in West Donegal.
For Ireland, which last erupted in protest, now promises to be a period of political instability to financial speculators who have returned to attack the Irish government bonds, soared upward after the announcement of the bailout and the opening of the government crisis. The elections scheduled for next January could mark a return to the Labour government, which yesterday with their leader Eamon Gilmore argued that the government "had long since passed the expiration date."

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«Salvano banche fallite, e frenano ogni ripresa» - Intervista con Kieran Allen

DUBLIN. For Ireland, promises a "political earthquake" after the megaprestito concesso da Fondo monetario internazionale (Fmi) e Banca centrale europea. A prevederlo è il sociologo Kieran Allen, che già prima della crisi aveva denunciato i rischi della bolla immobiliare e della finanziarizzazione dell’economia nell’isola. «I cittadini irlandesi sono stati traditi per salvare il sistema bancario europeo, che è l’unica cosa che preoccupi la Banca centrale europea», afferma Allen. Che aggiunge: «Quello che sta succedendo in Irlanda deve servire da avvertimento a Portogallo, Spagna e Italia. Gli speculatori non si fermeranno qui».

90 miliardi di euro di prestito. Sono 20.000 euro per ogni cittadino irlandese, neonati compresi. È un debito sostenibile per Ireland?

Not only is sustainable but it will not work. The Irish people have already paid € 45 billion, one third of GDP, to save the banks with the government program. This bailout adds to the income of € 90 billion, two-thirds of the wealth produced in one year from the country. The IMF and the European Central Bank in this way makes it more difficult road to recovery, impact on the community debts of banks doomed to failure.

What are the long-term consequences of this operation?

In exchange for the loan, the IMF and European Union will impose a restrictive policy that will only worsen the economic situation, with the risk of precipitating a downward spiral with no way out. As happened during the crisis of the '60s and late '80s, once the capitalist system draws on Irish workers and condemned the mass emigration of the country. To know what will happen to Ireland in the coming years, just look at Lithuania and Latvia, from which people fled after the launching of structural adjustment plans.

With the release of the Greens by the majority for early elections to be held in January, seem inevitable. What will happen to the Irish policy?

What awaits us is a sea change similar to what happened in Italy at the end of the First Republic. The Fianna Fail, the ruling party has dominated Irish politics for the past 60 years, serving as a prudent manager of the economy. But after the disaster served to voters will be severely punished and could become a small parties under 10%. Nor will go well with the Greens who have behaved in a cowardly way, putting all the most unpopular decisions of the government and abandoning the sinking ship at the last.


is an opportunity for the left to build an economic alternative to neoliberalism made in Ireland?

All require dopo le prossime elezioni, il Labour Party tornerà al governo, e probabilmente al suo interno la componente di sinistra, marginalizzata negli ultimi anni ne uscirà rafforzata. Ma temo che una volta al governo il Labour si comporterà come ha fatto il Pasok in Grecia. Si legherà mani e piedi al programma imposto dall’Fmi. Così questa rischia di essere un’occasione persa dalla sinistra irlandese per ripensare il nostro modello economico distrutto dal sistema bancario dei mutui spazzatura.

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Una generazione in fuga dalla crisi

«Prima venivano tutti qui, da Canada, Australia, Nuova Zelanda, Sud Africa ed Europa dell'est. Ora il flusso ha preso il verso contrario. Gli immigrati se ne sono già tornati a casa e a seguirli in massa ora Irish people are willing to do any work. " Albert has twenty-one and last week he was fired along with ten colleagues from a store chain Laura Ashley, which sells women's clothing and furnishings, opulent on the Grafton Street in central Dublin.

"Many of my friends have gone abroad - says -. I'm going to New Zealand, I bought the saw. I am willing to do anything. The Irish can not afford to choose the work he likes. "
In the capital and around the streets of towns and villages on the island 'emerald green' of people like Albert, who is preparing to leave a country victim of economic catastrophe caused by easy loans from banks, there are rivers. According to a study by the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI), each month 5,000 Irish citizens leave the country to seek employment abroad. At the end of 2010, 70,000 people have left Ireland. In 2011 will be at least 50,000. Thus, while the effects of the crisis are becoming clearer, the country's looming four-leaf clover has a ghost around here has always accompanied the periods of poverty, mass emigration.
In 2008 and 2009, after the initial shock of the blast crisis of banks and real estate, to leave the country were mostly foreign workers come to Ireland during the period of fat cows. According to the ESRI 100,000 foreign workers, including many in Eastern Europe, have left the country in two years. But now, mainly the Irish make the case, to avoid going to stretch the ranks of the unemployed, which in recent months have reached 640,000 people.
"Now for the young Irish are only two possibilities to leave the country or become unemployed," says Gary Redmond, president of the student union Union of Students (USI). "It seems to review what happened during periods of great poverty, as in the late '80s." A study conducted by the organization forecast for the next five years 150,000 graduates will leave Ireland. "We are creating a lost generation. Our country has spent so much money to train these people. Many will never return home. "
The mass exodus of workers, particularly young people from that country until three years ago bearing the title "Celtic Tiger" is not only a brain drain of graduates, but also a flight of arms, technicians and laborers. At the start, to the countries of the Commonwealth, where the economy gets better, there are scores of carpenters, masons, mechanics, welders, real estate agents remained dry after the housing bubble has burst, and more than half of the companies involved building failed.
"Many of my friends who were the builders if I went to Australia and Canada "says Mark, 23, and passed as a construction worker. "I just got back from Canada, where I have been a few months. I worked in a cinema to pull the tickets, but then I got homesick. I am looking for a job six months and find nothing. I guess I have to start soon. "
The fear is that the exodus of workers and especially young people to further slow the exit from economic disaster. "Many go away from Ireland with the idea of \u200b\u200bfinding a temporary job abroad for a few months. And when they return they have only a few euro pushed aside and see that in the meantime the country has deteriorated further, "says Karen, a student of 19 years. But
molti non sembra esserci alternativa alla fuga. «Io gliel'ho detto a mio figlio di andarsene» afferma infuriato Rob, un taxista di 49 anni. «Ha 70.000 euro di debito con le banche e fa fatica a pagare. Vattene in Nuova Zelanda, gli ho detto. Lì in banchieri non ti trovano più al telefono. Così la smettono di chiederti perché non hai pagato l'ultima rata del mutuo».

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Londra non ci sta

«Possiamo essere per Cameron quello che la rivolta contro la poll-tax è stato per la Thatcher». Gli animi sono infiammati all’assemblea della rete «Education activist network», che riunisce studenti e professori in lotta contro i tagli. Tra i banchi dell’aula magna del King’s College, sulla Strand in central London, the roar warm applause whenever a speaker is closing ranks to defend the invasion of Conservative headquarters at Millbank last Wednesday, and explosions ring out every time someone utters the word 'violence'.
The key word is "unity." The line: they are violent, freghiamocene of bad press. The more conservative Alan Whitaker, president of the union of university professors, University and College Union (UCU), which simply means that the events of last Wednesday he "did not condemn them," except for the extinguisher is pulled from the roof of building. Definitely hotter Mark Bergfeld, Adviser National Union of Students, National Union of Students (NUS), said that the "real vandals are not the ones who have broken a few windows, but those who sit in parliament or at Millbank and the Liberal Democrats who betrayed their promises." The
Aaron Porter is missing on this, the student union president, who can not be seen in these parts on television after defining the occupation of Millbank "shameful action" of a "minority of troublemakers." The whistles of the audience come to him, accused of trying to make a career in the Labour Party. A Downing Street called it "irresponsible" the teachers at Goldsmiths in a statement that had been applauded as "magnificent" gli eventi di mercoledì. E alla stampa di destra accusata di alimentare una caccia alle streghe contro gli studenti. Il pensiero vola agli studenti italiani, francesi e tedeschi in mobilitazione contro le politiche di tagli all’università, che ora non vengono più guardati con complesso d’inferiorità. «C’è uno spirito francese nell’aria» proclama uno studente.
Dopo la grande manifestazione contro i tagli all’università del 10 di Novembre, culminata nell’occupazione e nella devastazione della sede del partito Conservatore, a Millbank sulle sponde del Tamigi, il movimento studentesco britannico non si ferma. Mentre in Italia gli studenti ultimavano i preparativi per la grande manifestazione di oggi contro la riforma Gelmini, gli atenei della Gran Bretagna hanno visto decine di assemblee per discutere i prossimi passi della mobilitazione contro i tagli all’università.
La protesta riesploderà mercoledì 24 Novembre, quando la riforma sarà in discussione in parlamento. Gli attivisti vogliono fermare il provvedimento che prevede l’eliminazione completa dei sussidi statali per la didattica universitaria fatta eccezione per le materie scientifiche e tecnologiche, ed un aumento delle tasse universitarie fino a 9.000 sterline all’anno. Nella mattinata studenti e professori abbandoneranno le classi dando vita a scioperi selvaggi ed occupazioni. Poi alle due di pomeriggio partirà un siege against the Liberal Party headquarters, a stone's throw from Westmintster, to pay the "betrayal" of the party Clegg, who promised to oppose increases in fees for the university. In view of the protest on 24 British campuses have begun a series of occupations, as happened in the days scorsoi at Sussex University and Manchester University, which is expected to multiply in the coming days.
For students like Sean, a student of history at Goldsmiths is the renewed antagonism of students "is a welcome surprise, a demonstration that students will not put my feet on his head." But not everyone agrees. "The actions of a minority of students have overshadowed those of many people who had their first event, "says Luka, a student of anthropology at the London Schools of Economics. "Many students are angry and confused about what happened last Wednesday. It will be difficult to repeat that spirit of enthusiasm. "
To avoid isolation, the movement's leaders to "an alliance that includes the unions of firefighters and metro workers who have organized large protests in recent weeks, and the trade unions of public employees. Mark Serwotka secretary of the PCS union, which counts 320,000 members of the public employees signed the appeal for unity and said he was disponibile a proteste congiunte. Dichiarazioni di sostegno sono giunte anche dal sindacato degli insegnanti Nut, e si spera che l’alleanza si allarghi progressivamente a tutti i settori colpiti dai tagli. Tanto che in alcune assemblee qualcuno ha pure azzardato un’improbabile alleanza con i sindacati di polizia. In fondo «non verranno anche loro decimati dai tagli?».

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Cameron se la prende con i disoccupati

Mentre gli operai sono al lavoro per sostituire le vetrine del grattacielo di Millbank, sede dei Tory, distrutte mercoledì da centinaia di studenti infuriati per i tagli all'università, il governo Cameron procede nella sua campagna di lacrime e sangue. Questa volta l'accetta cala sul welfare, per cui l'esecutivo liberal-conservatore Serbia has a "historic reform", made up of close to the budget for social spending and exemplary punishment against the unemployed "freeloaders."

The plan presented yesterday by Welfare Minister Ian Duncan Smith to the Commons, promises a future nightmare for the 5 million Britons who receive subsidies of various kinds, from those for unemployment, with those for disease and disability. The reform which should come into force in 2013, provides first to bring together the various subsidies that is currently in one "universal credit." According to this measure would allow the government to avoid administrative errors and fraud by citizens.
Ian Duncan Smith said he was convinced that many remain unemployed to do so because it suits his work, thanks to the lavish subsidies they receive. "I want these people recover," said the minister, promising that henceforth 'agree more and more work. " To eliminate the "benefits trap", which would slow down the million and a half of Britons who have never worked in the last nine years, Ian Duncan Smith provides draconian punishments. After two refusals to vacancies or requests for help to work for the community (similar to
our work), unemployment benefits will be suspended for six months. And if you say no a third time, the unemployment benefit will be canceled for three years.
The spirit of reform welfare proposed by Ian Duncan Smith sounds very punitive in times of unemployment through the roof. The counsel of the minister of welfare goes perfectly with the propaganda campaign launched by the government in recent months against the "undeserving poor." "Freeloaders" who are now held up by the right as the real culprits of the economic crisis and the collapse of public finances. More than the "greedy bankers" of the City, against whom a few months ago was concentrated hatred of the people.
With this reform the government scheme aims to save 5 billion pounds. But for non-governativei savings in the budget will be at the expense of vulnerable families, who often live in areas where it is practically impossible to find work. Kate Wavering, director of the campaign against poverty by the NGO Oxfam "remove subsidies and let people with no income will cause severe suffering for them and their families. The majority of people who live on social welfare want to work, and punish them as if they were criminals
is the right way to treat them. "

White Discarge Instead Of My Period

"Education cuts...?" 50mila studenti londinesi assaltano la Millbank Tower

Showcases falling to pieces, under a hail of stones, sticks, and kicks, with the pieces that end up on the asphalt illuminated by the orange glow of smoke and flames of a bonfire fueled by signs and banners. One obstacle that breaks under the pressure of an angry mob, that makes its way between police unprotected and afraid e invade l'entrata dell'edificio lanciando grida di gioia e improvvisando danze scalmanate tra poltrone e schermi a cristalli liquidi. Non siamo ai piedi dell'Acropoli, nell'Atene in stato di sommossa permanente, ma a Londra, sulle algide sponde del Tamigi, all'entrata del cupo grattacielo di Millbank, sede del Partito conservatore al governo da poco meno di un anno. È contro questo simbolo della politica di austerità, che migliaia di studenti britannici si sono scagliati ieri pomeriggio, al termine di una grande manifestazione contro i tagli all'università che ha visto la partecipazione di almeno 50 mila persone.

In conclusione di una giornata storica, e una mobilitazione con pochi precedenti in un paese in cui il movimento student has traditionally been weaker than that of the continent, a group of several thousand protesters surrounded the headquarters of the Tory. In two hundred were able to occupy the hall, and thirty has climbed to the roof of the building from which they dropped banners against program cuts at the university. Only four hours after anti-riot agents of departments were able to regain control of the situation clear the building. In the evening, the police will have a score of wounded among the demonstrators and officers. The event

game at noon in front of Downing Street, was called by the UCU (University and College Union), the union of university professors, and Nus (National Union of Students), the review unit for students. Objective: To stop the project to cut more than 3 billion pounds to the British university system and plan to increase fees for students for which the coalition government of Conservatives and Liberal Democrats want to raise the maximum speed at altitude 9,000 pounds a year .

The procession passes in front of the seats of power in Westminster, including vultures, giant puppets, bloodied faces and Halloween-style, going crazy slogans against the Tories 'nasty' and against Clegg the Liberal Democrat leader branded a "traitor." Sally a twenty year old student at the University of Nottingham brandishes a placard bearing a picture of the Deputy Prime libdem minister when he signed on the eve of the election promises that they would oppose the increase of tuition fees. "He had promised to be different. It has proven liar like other politicians, if not worse. " Sara, a student at Camberwell College of Arts, came to the rally to protest the decision to completely cut funding to programs for humanities and social - "Who said that the country needs only to engineers and scientists? '.

Alongside the students and many professors, who are at risk of losing their jobs because of the reform plan. For Kirsten who is finishing a doctorate in cultural studies at Goldsmiths College 'to pay più di tutti saranno i giovani ricercatori. Dopo la fatica del dottorato rischio di trovarmi senza lavoro. Stanno trasformando l'educazione universitaria in un grande McDonald».

Gli scontri con la polizia cominciano quando verso le due in duecento valicano il recinto del parlamento, e inscenano un sit-in ai piedi del Big Ben. La polizia che aveva preso sotto gamba la manifestazione, come ammesso in serata dal direttore di Scotland Yard Paul Stephenson, fa fatica a tenerli a bada. Poi verso le due e mezza circa diecimila persone riescono a raggiungere il grattacielo di Millbank dove si trova la sede dei Tory. Né il servizio d'ordine della manifestazione, né i pochi poliziotti messi a guardia dell'edificio riescono ad evitare l'occupazione by blocking the most militant of the procession, in which event any association with the organizers of the protest.

The success of the event yesterday is very bad news for Cameron that even in China, where he is on an official visit, had to answer criticism of its plan to reform the university. The Liberal Democrats, whose home was targeted by protesters are in great embarrassment after the U-turn towards the students. A score of parliamentary libdem have announced that they will vote against the reform plan will be discussed when the Commons later this month. And if not in front of the libdem gain new members for the Lib-Con coalition could be a defeat heavy and perhaps the beginning of the end.

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Cameron taglia tutto

Forget about Margaret Thatcher, former prime minister torment of public workers, whose hit accepts everything smelled of State. Cuts in public expenditure submitted yesterday by his spiritual heir, Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne, are more than double in percentage terms than thirty years ago that helped make the Iron Lady of the symbol of neo-liberal right and the "shake the belt. " And despite the rhetoric of "compassionate conservatism" by the executive showed off the losers will be especially vulnerable groups: elderly, the unemployed and the disabled.
Waiting "review spending (Spending Review) by Osborne yesterday by the House of Commons, among the moans of the parliamentary Labour party, is in fact the heaviest blow from the end of the Second World War. The cuts, coated on the next 5 years, amount to a total of 83 billion. A plan of tears and blood, presented by the executive of the Liberal-Conservative coalition, which launched dwarfing the shafts in recent months in France and Germany. The goal: to clear by the end of 2014, the largest deficit at the continental level, and prevent the public debt hit 100% share of GDP, risking, however, that the country will be plunged into recession.
The main victim of the cutting plane is social assistance, which, surprisingly, will be removed 7 billion more than the 11 billion previously announced. The retirement age will be increased from 65 to 66 years by 2020, a savings of 5 billion pounds a year. A number of contributions made during the decade of Labour to help disabled, elderly, sick, single mothers, will be reduced or eliminated. The subsidies for the poorest families, including one for the home, will be cut drastically. A strategic choice to hit the weak, which contrasts clearly with the promise made repeatedly by the government led by David Cameron.
The frontal assault to expenditure on social assistance has enabled Registrar to report to the Commons boasting a reduction in planned cuts to the budget of several ministries, led to 19% compared with 25% of which was spoken in recent days. But this change in plans will not be enough to save 490,000 jobs, which, according to data presented by the same executive, will be eliminated in the public sector over the next five years.
If the national health service and schools will be relatively spared from the acceptance of Osborne, to suffer will be mostly employees of ministries, universities and local government employees that are expected to cut between 30% and 25%. Some 11,000 police officers could lose their jobs as a result of a reduction of 25% of the funds of the Ministry of Interior. Less affected than with military spending will be cut by 8%, however, the army of His Majesty lose hunting, tanks and 7,500 soldiers.
"Today is the day when Britain takes a step back from the precipice, the day we deal with the accounts of a decade of debt," said Osborne who argued that the cuts are "modest" and that the government will be done to "find a job to civil servants to be fired." "It's an irresponsible gamble with the lives of the citizens" replied the shadow chancellor Labour Party Alan Johnson. "That plan put at risk the weak economic recovery UK and will hit families instead of banks that caused the crisis. "

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LABOUR Il 40enne Miliband, sostenuto dai sindacati, eletto segretario

LONDON. Of the two Miliband brothers eventually prevailed, and the youngest, the most emphatic, the most progressive of the two sons of art by Ralph Miliband, the Marxist theorist, peace activist, a founder of the New Left Review. With an unexpected comeback and a victory in its fourth round of voting, the first congress of the Labour party after the defeat last May has crowned the former undersecretary of climate change to succeed Gordon Brown as party leader. Defeated his brother David, a more centrist positions, a former foreign minister, Tony Blair considered dolphin and as great as top favorite.

accepting the job in front of hundreds of delegates in the Labour Party Conference Center Manchester, And he promised to change course to return to winning ways after 13 years of government. Having embraced and honored the brother, the new leader has admitted that the party has lost the confidence of the electorate and that the road is uphill. "I know we have to change: today a new generation is in charge of the Labour Party gathers this and call for change," he yelled with his voice a bit 'scratchy. Then he promised a return to the social objectives of the party claiming to want to fight "for the majority of British people working hard, respecting the rules and want a Britain not divided and more prosperous, "arrow to the City that put the country on its knees.

's successor Gordon Brown, who took him in his government, is a man of 40 years with the appearance of eternal youth and the ways a boy from a good family worried about the lower classes. They are not the charisma of a volcano, or a figure of high intellectual caliber. However, Obama to change his message and the promise of new beginnings seem to have well understood the mood of a base that wants to return to traditional values \u200b\u200bfor defense of workers after the turn centrist and flirt with the world of business years blairiani New Labour.

in favor of Ed has also played the fact that it could be presented as a "new man" compared to the Machiavellian brother and sailed. Ed Miliband is returning from his first term and has earned reputation as an honest politician. It has an estimate of ecologists for being one of the main supporters of the radical policy of reducing greenhouse gases continued by Blair and Brown government, and commitment spent (unsuccessfully) to reach a global agreement on climate summit in Copenhagen, December. But to make

Ed Miliband's successor Gordon Brown was especially the unions that have merged their votes en masse for him. His brother David, who also enjoyed the support of most MPs and sections of the local party had the support of only two unions minori. Sulla scorta del sostegno sindacale e dei settori più «movimentisti» del partito, si prevede che ora Ed andrà all'attacco della politica di riduzione del deficit del governo di coalizione liberal-conservatore guidato da David Cameron che sta mettendo a repentaglio diversi servizi pubblici e che rischia di aumentare i disoccupati.

L'elezione di Ed Miliband alla guida del partito giunge all'indomani della nomina dell'ex sindaco di Londra Ken Livingstone, «Ken il rosso» per le sue posizioni socialisti, come futuro sfidante di Boris Johnson, il conservatore che gli è succeduto 2 anni fa. Le vittorie di Livingstone e Miliband, sembrano suggerire un seppur timido ritorno verso la sponda sinistra dell'agone politico, anche per capitalizzare sul dissenso dei lavoratori rispetto alla politica economica del governo Cameron. Così se il New Labour guardava alle classi medie e alla «Middle Britannia», ora il partito si rende conto di doversi riguadagnare la fiducia delle classi popolari, disilluse dalla svolta centrista del partito. Come Ed Miliband ha ripetuto più volte durante la sua campagna per la guida del Labour, «Non possiamo più considerare i lavoratori a basso reddito come nostri elettori automatici. Sono loro che abbiamo perduto e sono loro che dobbiamo recuperare».

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Kashmir: la Rivolta dei Ragazzi - Intervista con Irene Panozzo su Radio3Mondo

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La rivolta dei «boys», i figli del conflitto

Una famiglia di Pampore, center of trade in saffron in the northern Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, which met in front of the TV goes on air yet another Bollywood musical. It 's the night scene common to millions of Indian homes, from Calcutta to Bombay, from southern Tamil Nadu to the Himalayas. Here, however, the carefree music film 'overlap soon the cries of a] demonstration protesting the death of a protester killed by Indian soldiers. The slogan azadi (freedom) Zurbaid, the younger son, 13 years old, short hair neatly combed, and a green t-shirt Adidas, rises suddenly and leaves the house without a glance. The father shakes his head: "There is nothing to be done. These guys are not there to hear ' says resignedly: "They are fearless," not afraid of anything, "it is impossible to stop the boys." Kashmir all

now call them so, the boys: they are the kids who throw stones, stars of mass quell'intifada that this summer has become the main form of protest of the separatist movement, yet another metamorphosis of the revolt began in 1989 and in that 70,000 Kashmiris have died by now. The boys are Zurbaid as teenagers, ages 10 to 18 years, but children as young as 7, 8, 9 years. You see them in clouds gather in the streets of mountain villages or in the streets of the old city of Srinagar, summer capital of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, and then come out in force on main roads with stone-throwing unexpected. Hurled stones at the walls of the barracks, the windows of government buildings, bunkers of sandbags placed at every intersection and bamboo shields Indian paramilitary soldiers. Arrive a few minutes and khaki uniforms of the CRPF (Central Reserve Police Force) to disperse the boys that shoot rubber bullets, tear gas and volleys of Ak47. Often a child stays on the ground in a pool of blood. At the news of deaths and injuries the boys are thrown back on the streets to vent their anger with new stone throwing. The soldiers responded by firing without scruples, some of the special protection of the laws. Every day, more deaths and injuries to the account that trigger more protests, a vicious cycle of where no end in sight.

soldiers against children

Two and a half months since the beginning of this wave of protests the death toll at 64, all civilians. More than half of those killed were minors, including three children of 7 years. To ignite the intifada of the summer was indeed just the killing of a boy, Tufail Ahmed Mattoo, 17, died June 11. He spent next to a peaceful protest against an episode of army brutality, returning home after a private lesson when he was hit in the head by a tear gas projectile fired at elevation zero. Tufail thus became the first in a series of victims of underage kids as Faizan Rafiq, 13 years drowned July 17 after being stunned by soldiers and thrown into the river Jhelum, which runs through Srinagar. Or children as Sameer Ahmad Rah, seven years, died Aug. 2 and became the symbol of the brutality of the state. Had left his house to buy some fruit when he was chased by stray dogs. Seeing him run the soldiers surrounded him and raged at him, breaking several ribs before you push a stick down her throat in front of horrified passers-by.
The impressive number of minors killed and maimed by the Indian security forces in the summer of blood is proof of what we are repeating many Kashmiri adults in disbelief in front of the massacre: that this conflict is becoming in an attack on the children of the civil war, the generation of Kashmiris born after 1989. A generation grew up under military occupation, whose daily life was marked dall'ingombrante presence of 700,000 troops, marked by indiscriminate killings, by stories of rapes and torture, mourning the deaths of fathers and relatives and the humiliation of searches continue. These guys are not used to living under curfew. Disillusioned by the failure of any promise of conflict resolution, using the stones as letters of protest sent to New Delhi to let people know that there is peace in Kashmir.
Faced with angry kids, the Indian and Kashmiri leadership seems unable to provide any response it does not come from the barrel of a gun. "I do not know what to hope to get pelting stones," he said recently, the chief minister (head of government) of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, Omar Abdullah, heir to the dynasty that Kashmiri nationalism has become the representative of the party Congress, therefore, of the central government in New Delhi.

A generation without

leader Farooq has 17 years, Ronaldinho's hair under a cap rapper, like the boys Maghreb, Turks or Pakistanis flock to the popular quarters of Paris, London and Berlin. Spends his days locked up at home for a curfew when you zap. Then in the evening we meet with friends in the center Srinagar: go "to throwing stones," admits taking no airs. Sometimes when things get hot will not return for days, causing the anguish of his mother, Salima, one of the many widows of the Civil War. The husband, who had joined the armed struggle, passed away ten years ago. Remains an overexposed photo of him hanging in the small room that serves as a living room and bedroom. If fathers, who in the 90s have taken up arms, have been militarily defeated, killed, imprisoned or disappeared, their children are anything but resigned. "They kill a person in a family and wanted you to be silent," says Salima. "But it's the opposite. For each ribellanno killed two people. "
Today the boys were not prepared to listen to the calls for calm. "The kids are uncontrollable," repeated adults and seniors. It does not seem to have taken even the leadership of the two main leaders of the Hurriyat conference, the 'sign' of the Kashmiri political and social forces seeking independence, moderate Mirvaiz Umar Farooq and Syed Ali Shah Geelani radical: some boys they called her ' sold. " Like many other leaders in the past, most notably Sheikh Abdullah, grandfather of the chief minister, at the time recognized and respected leader of the Kashmiris (he opt for New Delhi in a framework of autonomy in 1947, when the old colonial empire were born two separate nations of India and Pakistan): whose tomb is constantly guarded by four soldiers to avoid desecration. "The boys have no leaders": they say the opponents of the motion to certify the madness and justify their repression, but they say the same kids who are keen to avoid being painted as the pawns of some grand old man of Pakistani state or as laborers , paid 200 rupees per day for throwing stones as claimed by the nationalist press in India that behind every protest sees the long arm of the ISI, the notorious secret service, Islamabad.
A person for the truth is that enjoys the confidence of boys, and that the insurgency in recent months is raising a new leader of the separatist movement. E 'Masarat Allam, leader of the Kashmir Muslim League and deputy of the venerable head of the Geelani faction of Hurriyat radical: With its 39 years is hardly a teenager, but with his intransigence has earned the respect of kids tirapietre. If the timing of formal complaint (not entirely true that the movement has no reference) is still written by Geelani, according to the boys from his secret hideout Allam is to move the ranks of the insurgency. He coined the slogan 'Go India, go back, "became the watchword of this movement. Behind the Muslim faithful to his long beard is amassing a generation seeking uncompromising azadi, freedom.
But if you ask the boys what they mean exactly for "azadi" do not speak of independence, autonomy, self-government and other possible negotiated solutions. "What we want is simple," Farooq said: "What if the soldiers leave. We want to live without having to explain to a soldier, where are you going whenever you leave the house without being humiliated. We want to live without fear. " He says watching the two younger brothers to play cricket with a ball and a wooden board. It 's so many boys who have learned to take aim. This summer could be their turn.

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Zahid Rafiq: «Sono pacifista, ma li capisco»

"I am a pacifist, but now I explain why I would go to throw stones." Zahid Rafiq So begins an article in Tehelka, the weekly India in recent years has established itself as an authoritative critical voice. Rafiq, 26, is a Kashmiri journalist who knows how to capture the depth psychology of the conflict in the valley traversed by a revolt over twenty years now: the anger of the boys who throw stones at the cavalier attitude of the establishment in India, "who behaves like an ostrich hiding its head in the sand and think that there is no problem. "

After the end of the armed uprising in 2003, many said that the Kashmiris were resigned to be a part of India. Because the conflict is re-explode?
The feeling of freedom you're never off, even during the four years of relative calm since 2003. It can not be crushed or bought with blood money in New Delhi. The fact is, after the military victory of the Indian security forces on the guerrilla movement was forced to turn to stone passing from guns. It 'was a complex step that could not happen in one night ..

As the conflict in Kashmir has changed compared to the '90s?
The conflict in Kashmir has become a war where one party decides to be uneven. When a guy grabs a rock and walks over to a soldier knows that the stone can only superficially wounded the soldier, but he also knows that if the soldier shot him or he will die will end up mutilated. Choosing the stone instead of the gun the boy stands on a higher moral plane, where the confrontation has more to do with physical force but by moral force.

addition to the kids, you see many women take to the streets and throwing stones. What does this mean?
The government had asked the women to go to the protests to stop their children. They are going to throw stones. For Kashmiri women is an act of catharsis after decades of silence, past seeing his brother taken away by police, soldiers abused by her husband, the funeral to pass under the window. Women could not be part of the armed uprising, but now came out into the open.

The Indian state responds to the stones with the same means with which he crushed the armed rebels. Why respond so repressive?
The Indian state still wants to treat the disease by treating the symptoms. He does not want to accept the fact that the vast majority of Kashmiris want independence. The tragedy for them is that this movement is more difficult to deal with that armed insurrection. The Indians would prefer to resolve the situation using the 700,000 soldiers committed in Kashmir. They want to avoid at all costs political rallies because they bare the fact that the separatists are not terrorists and have legitimate claims.

There is much talk of the risk of a new Jihadi footprint of armed insurrection. What do you think?
After the experience of the armed uprising in Kashmir, no one wants a gun. At present, the fundamentalist Muslims are not welcome in Kashmir, where he is remembered with pleasure the mass arrival of foreign fighters during the 90s. However, with all the kids who are killed one can imagine what goes through the heads of their brothers, cousins, neighbors. If the slaughter continues, there is the risk that the jihadists are the new space and that Kashmir may once again be a battleground by Muslim fundamentalists after the Americans will be withdrawn from Afghanistan. It would be a tragedy, both for India and the Kashmir. The Kashmiris would find themselves fighting a war that does not belong. At the first shot fired on Indian troops this movement is dead.

Getting Rid Of A Scorpio Man

La soluzione alla crisi? L'uomo artigiano

"I am convinced that the crisis riesploderà soon because
structural causes of the crisis have not been addressed." Richard Sennett ,
scholar of the new capitalism and flexible labor
born in Chicago in 1943 and professor emeritus of sociology at the London School of Economics
, argues that the crisis has led to a worsening of
uncertainty and labor flexible scope
by neoliberalism. In this situation, the left is right in moderation prey
when they were needed
radical solutions such as the nationalization of the banking system. According to Sennett of which were published in Italy in
Culture of the New Capitalism,
The Corrosion and finally The Craftsman, the
way out of the crisis could be a return to the manufacturing front on which
The Italian economy may provide a model for the European economy.

* Governments and employers argue that we are out of the crisis. Yet
economies slow to recover and unemployment continues to increase
. We must believe in these sirens?

* The majority of European governments have introduced measures to read
limit the financial capital, but have not understood this and that '
activity that is inherently destructive, ruining companies,
that destroys jobs, and you can not just put the brakes
. Even if Europe has dragged on for three or four years
the crisis will happen 'again. And I think that next time Europe will have
'even less scope for recovery. We are at risk of becoming what
that Latin America was during the '60s,
a continent with many resources, but absolutely self-destructive.

* The flexible workers you describe in your books were the intended victims
of this crisis, the first to be sacrificed by
layoffs. We are facing a structural crisis of the model
flexible labor? *

Certainly flexible workers, who were the vanguard of
new capitalism, workers in hi-tech industries,
cultural industries and finance, have suffered in
a particular consequences of the crisis. But what we are seeing is' rather
un'estremizzazone system of flexible working. From a structural point of view
it more 'impressive
crisis that has expanded the area of \u200b\u200bpart-time job. And that part-time job has been filled by workers who
were previously employed full time.
These include jobs in the service sector, in
supermarkets, department stores, but also in newspapers and
cultural industries.

* The other main victims are young people, who today more than ever
compensate for the inefficiency of the system .*

We are entering a lost decade for young people, and we
a lost generation. Japan has had a foreshadowing
during the '90s of what would have happened 12 or 15 years later
in the West. Finance collapsing.
not find qualified people who work for 6 or 8 years. People who will never return more
' lavorare. Persone che hanno perso un decennio della loro vita. La
generazione che e’venuta dopo ha visto come era la situazione, ed in
molti hanno scelto scuole tecniche piuttosto che l’università. Una
volta tutti cercavano di entrare nelle università prestigiose. Gli
adolescenti giapponesi ora sono molto piu’ realistici. Ed è quello
che succederà da noi. L’Università di Venezia non avrà più
migliaia di studenti di architettura. La nuova generazione è fregata
dal sistema e dovrà inventarsi nuovi modi per sopravvivere.

*Il capitalismo finanziario è in crisi, ma i sentimenti della gente
sembrano essere riassunti bene da una
cartoon appeared in the last number of The Economist where a crowd of
capitalism encourages the locomotive puffing uphill

.* This confidence is due to the fact that the system has encouraged people to believe
is that there is more social mobility in this
flexible capitalism. But the statistics suggest a
opposite. In the 50s and 60s, which are idenfiticati
with a sclerotic and bureaucratic capitalism, the rates of mobility to
up for the working class and middle class were far more
higher than those of the '90s. And the reason is structural. In a capitalist system
Financial
basically squeeze the middle classes. Saskia Sassen [companion Sennett, a sociologist and urban
ndr] has returned from China last week and told me that this is really interesting
the situation there is that the Chinese
want to become middle class, but what they see is that
the promise of mobility 'is not realized by the system, and that's why there are so many protests when
among Chinese workers.

* Despite the fact that the suffering of workers, trade unions
not seem to be able to react adequately to the wave of cuts. And
'This is the result of the individualisation Workforce
sown during the golden age of neoliberalism?

* The lack of collective responses to the crisis and '
exactly due to the uncertainty in which they are made
workers in recent years. Unions now are wondering how come all of a sudden but not
we can mobilize these people. But the answer is clear.
These workers can not afford to strike, 'cause if
strike will have no protection. They are in a state
incredibly insecure when they can not raise his head.

* Not only the unions but also the Left parties seem unable to grasp the challenge of
crisis. So in Britain as in Germany have been elected executive
liberal-conservatives, who continue to support the verb
of neoliberalism

.* I think that with regard to the left, we had 50 years in
we tried to show that we do not we are like those bad guys
Stalinists, so that we are people who are friends of
business, we want to be part of the modern world.
were addressed in the past fifty years. Confronted with a destructive system
the left has nothing to say to the workers.
recently been to a meeting with the unions before the election, and I have
asked me what would you do? I replied that if it was for me to nationalize
l’intero sistema bancario. Penso che bisognerebbe
trattare il sistema finanziario nello stesso modo in cui si tratta la
salute. Una cosa che richiede il controllo dello stato. E ho visto
questi membri del sindacato, e ripeto membri del sindacato che mi
dicevano – non si possono dire queste cose! Abbiamo bisogno di dare
una risposta molto piu’ radicale a quello che sta succedendo. Dobbiamo
abbandonare le pretese di socialdemocrazia. Si continua a voler dare
ai lavoratori un paio di protezioni in piu’, o due spiccioli in piu’
invece che modificare veramente il sistema economico. Dobbiamo tornare
a parlare di socialismo altrimenti la gente non ci capisce.

Come out of the crisis? As a production model? In Britain
and 'made a lot of talk of a return to the manufacturing sector as
antidote to the crisis in the financial system. This and 'the rest of the
solution that you suggest in your book, The Craftsman.

Here in Britain have talked about for the last two years, but not
have never created any programs to encourage young people to become artisans
. It was an interesting idea but they do not and '
done nothing. I believe that the manufacturing sector provides a way
output. It is not just a romantic confidence in man
craftsman. It 's the story of the economic success of China or
Japan. It is back to producing things, producing things that other people need
. In this sense, in Italy you have a
high-tech production system that can 'find a way out of this situation
. Irony in Italy, as elsewhere, these
manufacturing firms which are really profits, which are on the market
and employ many people but they are the kind that make
difficult to obtain credit. This is' a clear demonstration of the folly of
system.